ISSN: 2756-3162 Publisher: Federal University Dutsin-Ma The FUDMA Journal of Business Management (FJBM) is a peer-reviewed scholarly publication of the Department of Business Management, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria. The journal provides a vibrant platform for the dissemination of original research, theoretical analyses, and practical insights across all areas of business and management sciences. FJBM welcomes high-quality manuscripts that contribute to contemporary discussions in management, marketing, finance, entrepreneurship, human resource management, organizational behaviour, operations management, strategic leadership, innovation, and public administration. The journal seeks to foster interdisciplinary dialogue and promote evidence-based practices that advance sustainable business growth in both emerging and global contexts. The publication is issued biannually and accepts empirical studies, conceptual papers, case studies, and review articles from academics, practitioners, and policy experts. All submissions undergo a rigorous double-blind peer review process to ensure academic integrity and quality. FJBM is committed to advancing scholarship in business management through the publication of impactful research that bridges theory and practice for the benefit of scholars, industry professionals, and policymakers.
Department of Business Management, Federal University Dutsin-Ma
ELECTION MANAGEMENT AND DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA: CHALLENGES, REFORMS, AND PROSPECTS
This study critically examines the impact of election management on democratic consolidation in Katsina State, Nigeria, from 2011 to 2023. Drawing on Electoral Governance and Democratic Consolidation theories.It investigates institutional performance, reform outcomes, and stakeholder contributions. Using qualitative methods including interviews, focus groups, and document analysis the research identifies key challenges such as insecurity, political interference, underage voting, and logistical inefficiencies. It also evaluates reforms like the deployment of BVAS technology, electronic transmission of results, and civic education initiatives. Findings reveal that while technological innovations and stakeholder engagement have enhanced electoral transparency, persistent systemic issues continue to undermine democratic consolidation. The study recommends strengthening institutional independence, expanding voter education, and improving election security to promote more inclusive and credible elections in Katsina State.
Copyright (c) 2026 FUDMA Journal of Business Management
DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGIES AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN KANO STATE. THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF CONSUMER TRUST.
This study investigates the impact of digital marketing strategies on consumer behavior in Kano State, with consumer trust as a mediating factor. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model, Trust-Based Consumer Decision-Making Theory, and Integrated Marketing Communications Theory, the research focused on three key strategies: social media marketing, email marketing, and influencer marketing. A cross-sectional design was adopted, and data from 392 active internet users were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings show that consumer trust does not significantly mediate the relationship between social media marketing and consumer behavior, indicating that entertainment and peer interactions largely drive responses on social platforms. In contrast, trust significantly mediates the effects of email and influencer marketing, highlighting the importance of credibility, personalization, and authenticity in shaping consumer decisions. The study concludes that while social media influences behavior directly, trust is critical for email and influencer-based strategies. Businesses in Kano State are advised to adopt transparent and value-driven email campaigns, partner with culturally aligned influencers, and enhance interactive social media engagement. The research contributes to localized digital marketing knowledge and offers practical guidance for SMEs and policymakers.
AN APPRAISAL OF THE MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT FUND (MSMEDF) AND ITS IMPACT ON ENTERPRISE GROWTH IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in Nigeria’s economic development through employment generation and income creation. However, limited access to finance continues to hinder their growth, prompting the establishment of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises Development Fund (MSMEDF) as an intervention measure. This study analyzed the activities of MSMEDF in Kaduna State, focusing on its contribution to enterprise growth, MSME awareness, operational efficiency, and repayment experiences. Using a descriptive survey design that combined quantitative and qualitative methods, data were collected from 286 respondents comprising MSME operators, commercial bank officials, and microfinance representatives. Supplementary data were obtained from CBN, SMEDAN, and related literature. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Findings revealed that MSMEDF moderately supports business expansion, revenue growth, and job creation, but is constrained by low awareness, bureaucratic processes, stringent collateral demands, high interest rates, and short repayment terms. The study recommends increased funding, improved sensitization, simplified procedures, and flexible repayment structures supported by financial literacy training for sustainable MSME growth.
IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1991-2023)
The study analyse the impact of environment degradation on Nigeria economic growth. The study used secondary time series data for the period 1991-2023, sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin (2023) and world development indicator (2023). Autoregressive distributed lag model(ARDL) was utilized to estimate the relationship between variables of the study, the variables employed include, trade openness, real gross domestic product, CO2 emission, gross fixed capital formation and unemployment rate. The findings of the study reveal that there is a long run relationship between the variables under consideration, CO2 emission have a negative and positive relationship with economic growth in the short and long run respectively, (this depict that CO2 emission should be well managing to prevent long term effect on health and growth of Nigeria economy). The study therefore recommend that Carbon emission should be highly regulated, incentive for green energy usage should be put in place for firm and transport companies to move from using the conventional fossil fuel to solar energy, gas power generation adoption and electricity expansion usage to stimulate local production in a safe and conducive environment.
PARENTAL INFLUENCE ON MINORS' UNDERSTANDING OF ISLAMIC FINANCE IN NIGERIA: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
In recent years, the growing prominence of Islamic finance has highlighted the need to nurture financial literacy rooted in Islamic principles, particularly among younger populations. While formal education systems in Nigeria are gradually integrating financial education, the informal role of parents, especially in transmitting religious and financial values, remains critical yet underexplored. This literature review investigates the influence of parental involvement on minors’ understanding of Islamic finance in Nigeria, aiming to bridge the knowledge gap at the intersection of financial socialization, religious upbringing, and youth education. Drawing upon established theories such as Social Learning Theory and Financial Socialization Theory, the review synthesizes findings from both global and Nigerian contexts. It explores how parents act as primary agents of financial socialization, the extent to which Islamic financial principles are conveyed at home, and the structural challenges that limit broader access to Islamic financial education for minors. The review also highlights the contextual uniqueness of Nigeria, a multicultural and religiously diverse country, where Islamic financial knowledge is often transmitted informally through family and religious institutions. Key gaps in the literature are identified, including the scarcity of empirical research specific to Nigerian Muslim families and the absence of structured pathways linking parental influence with measurable financial outcomes among minors. The study concludes by suggesting future research directions and practical strategies for enhancing Islamic financial literacy through family-centered education models.
MODERATING EFFECT OF BUSINESS SUPPORT NETWORKS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITAL PLATFORM UTILIZATION AND DIGITAL COMPETENCIES ON WOMEN’S BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA
This study examines the interplay between digital platform utilization, digital competencies, and business support networks in enhancing women’s business performance in Nigeria. Despite the potential of digital platforms to drive business growth, women entrepreneurs face significant barriers, including limited digital literacy and access to supportive networks, which hinder their ability to leverage these tools effectively. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 329 female owned business in Lagos, Nigeria, through an online questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships. The findings reveal that digital platform utilization and digital competencies positively influence women’s business performance. Business support networks exert a strong direct effect and significantly moderate the relationships between digital platform utilization and digital competencies with business performance. These results underscore the critical role of supportive networks in amplifying the impact of digital tools and skills. The study recommends that policymakers and stakeholders invest in digital literacy programs and foster robust business support ecosystems to empower female businesses. By addressing these barriers, Nigeria can enhance women’s business success, contributing to economic growth and gender equality.
MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED ACCESS TO FINANCE ON INNOVATIVENESS AND STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION
Entrepreneurial intention among university students has become a central theme in entrepreneurship research, as it reflects the foundation for future venture creation and economic advancement. This study examines the mediating influence of perceived access to finance on the relationship between innovativeness and students’ entrepreneurial intention in Kaduna State University, Nigeria. Drawing upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991), the study argues that students who exhibit higher levels of innovativeness are more likely to develop entrepreneurial intentions, particularly when they perceive financial resources as accessible and attainable. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from final-year undergraduate students and analysed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that all constructs met the recommended standards for reliability and validity. Innovativeness demonstrated a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intention, underscoring the role of creativity, curiosity, and willingness to explore new ideas in motivating entrepreneurial behavior. Moreover, perceived access to finance was found to mediate this relationship, suggesting that financial confidence and accessibility enhance the likelihood that innovative ideas are transformed into real entrepreneurial pursuits. The study concludes that innovativeness and financial accessibility jointly foster stronger entrepreneurial intentions among students. It advocates for an educational approach that promotes creativity-driven entrepreneurship and for policy interventions that expand access to funding through innovation grants, venture capital networks, and startup incubation programs. By aligning innovative mindsets with financial empowerment, developing economies like Nigeria can cultivate a new generation of opportunity-driven entrepreneurs.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FIN-TECH) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Financial Technology (FinTech) holds significant potential for enhancing entrepreneurial performance. However, empirical evidence on the effect of its specific dimensions on women entrepreneurs in emerging economies remains limited. This study investigated the effect of five FinTech dimensions (Technological Innovation, Payment and Settlement Systems, Access to Financial Information, Risk Control Mechanisms, and Lending and Financing Platforms) on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, and data were collected from a sample of 371 women entrepreneurs selected via a multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and hypotheses were tested using Multiple Linear Regression analysis. The results revealed a statistically significant model (F-statistic = 58.34, p < .001) that explained 50.7% of the variance in business performance. All five FinTech dimensions had significant positive effects, but their impacts varied. Lending and Financing Platforms (β = .315, p < .001) exerted the strongest effect, followed by Payment and Settlement Systems (β = .257, p < .001), Technological Innovation (β = .216, p < .001), Risk Control Mechanisms (β = .171, p = .001), and Access to Financial Information (β = .118, p = .021). A critical "access-impact gap" was identified, where the most potent performance driver (lending) had the lowest adoption rate. The study concludes that a hierarchical relationship exists among FinTech dimensions, with capital access being the most critical lever for growth. It is recommended that policymakers and financial institutions prioritize dismantling barriers to digital credit while bolstering payment infrastructure and trust mechanisms to fully harness FinTech's potential for inclusive development
MODERATING EFFECT OF INFLATIONARY TREND ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL RISK AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
The study examined the moderating effect of inflationary trend on the relationship between financial risk and financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Financial performance as dependent variable is proxies by Tobin’s Q (TQ). Financial Risk Attributes constitutes Credit Risk proxies by non-performing loan (NPL), Liquidity Risk proxies by ratio of current asset to current liability (CR), Market Risk proxies by degree of financial leverage, Operational Risk proxies by operational expenses to total asset (OPEXTA) and Leverage Risk proxies by debt to equity ratio (DER) and they are independent variables. Inflationary Trend proxies by consumer price index (CPI), acts as moderating variable and interest rate and exchange rate are control variable proxies by percentage of prevailing lending rate and average exchange rate of Naira to USD respectively. The research employed expost-facto design where the data is extracted from the annual reports and accounts of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria, Central bank and NBS annual reports and bulleting for 21 years period from 2004 to 2024. The study population was 13 listed deposit money banks as at 31st December, 2024, after filtering, using census sample method, 10 banks are found to be the sample size. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regressions. The study findings revealed that market risk, operational risk and leverage risk are positive and statistically significant to financial performance (Tobin’s q). Liquidity risk is negative and statistically significant to Tobin’s Q. Credit risk was found to be positive and statistically insignificant to Tobin’s Q. The control variables, interest rate is found positive and statistically insignificant to Tobin’s Q. Exchange rate was found negative and statistically insignificant to Tobin’s Q. Therefore, inflationary trend moderate the relationship by strengthening the effect of banks financial risk on financial performance. The study concludes that the identified financial risk attributes are signaling factor to banks stakeholders. It recommends that the stakeholders should consider inflationary trend effect in the indirect relationship between financial risk and financial performance when making policies and investment decision in the Nigerian Deposit Money Banks.
GENDER DYNAMICS AND WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP ADVANCEMENT IN NIGERIAN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS: EVIDENCE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN AND THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL
This study examines how organizational and cultural barriers, mentorship and policy support, and professional experience influence women’s leadership advancement in Nigerian public institutions. Focusing on the University of Benin (UNIBEN) and the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), data were collected from 340 female staff through a Google Form survey and 12 semi-structured interviews. Reliability and validity tests were satisfactory (Cronbach’s α ≥ 0.81; KMO = 0.812; Bartlett’s p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that barriers have a significant negative effect (B = -0.25, p < 0.001), while mentorship/policy support (B = +0.22, p < 0.001) and professional experience (B = +0.15, p = 0.003) exert positive effects. The model explains about 49% of variance in leadership advancement (R² = 0.49). Thematic analysis corroborated these results, highlighting opaque promotion practices, exclusionary networks, and stereotype penalties as key barriers, while mentorship, sponsorship, and enforceable policies served as enablers. The study concludes that institutionalising sponsorship, reducing bias through transparent criteria, and linking professional experience to measurable merit can strengthen women’s progression. Recommendations are made for HR departments and policymakers to operationalise inclusive selection systems and accountability frameworks.
DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS’ CREDIT AND UNEMPLOYMENT REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: A TIME SERIES APPROACH (1991–2022)
This study investigated the influence of Deposit Money Banks’ (DMBs) credit to reducing the level of unemployment in Nigeria between 1991 and 2022. The study used annual time series data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria, the World Bank, and the International Labour Organization (ILO) websites and journals. The study adopted the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and is based on the monetarist theoretical framework. Findings from the study revealed a long-run cointegrating relationship exists between DMB credit, interest rates, and unemployment, even though the direct effect of credit from DMB on unemployment reduction was found to be statistically insignificant. Interest rates, however, had short-run positive effects on employment when it is low, but stalled job creation in the long run when interest rate is higher. The study concluded that while DMB credit is vital for investment and economic expansion, structural and institutional inefficiencies limit its impact on employment generation. Policy recommendations include among others, a comprehensive reforms of credit accessibility, optimal management of interest rate, and inclusion of monetary tools with job-creation objectives.
IMPACT OF CARD SERVICES TECHNOLOGY ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN NIGERIA.A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA METROPOLIS
No nation will survive without financial inclusion,the survival of any nation economy depend on financial inclusion. The main objective of this research study is to find out the impact of the relationship between card services and financial inclusion and to propose mechanisms for strengthening financial inclusion. Theresearch examine the impact of card services on financial inclusion using survey research approach and self- administered questionnaire. Data were source from 384 financially included people inKaduna metropolis. The PLS- SEM analysis proclaimed that, card services significantly impact financial inclusion. This study recommend that, the financial included populace in Kaduna metropolisshould be informed and enlightened about the positive impact of digital financial products and services, how to use the products and services, it economic benefit, and also to make the financial product and services more easily accessible and to increase quality of service so as to increase the usability of such product and services in Kaduna metropolis.
ONLINE SHOPPING EXPERIENCE AS A MODERATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ONLINE REVIEW AND CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISION DECISION IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
This study examines the moderating effect of online shopping experience (OSE) in the relationship between online reviews (ONR) and consumer purchase behaviour (CPD) in Nigeria’s fashion e-commerce sector. Drawing on the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the study posits that consumers with higher OSE engage in deeper cognitive processing of online reviews, thereby reducing the negative influence of unfavourable eWOM on purchase decisions. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was conducted among 230 active online fashion shoppers in Kaduna State, Nigeria, and data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that ONR alone has a negative but insignificant effect on CPD whereas the interaction between OSE and ONR is positive and significant indicating that enhanced shopping experience mitigates the adverse impact of negative reviews. The model explains 56% of the variance in CPD and demonstrates high predictive relevance (Q²predict = 0.64). Importance–Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) further identifies OSE as a high-importance, high-performance driver, warranting strategic investment in user-friendly interfaces, reliable delivery, and responsive customer service. These findings contribute to digital consumer behaviour literature in emerging markets by evidencing OSE as a critical boundary condition in the review purchase pathway. Practical implications for e-commerce managers include prioritising experiential quality as a trust-building mechanism, while future studies should consider longitudinal designs, multi-regional samples, and additional moderators such as brand loyalty and trust propensity to enhance generalisability.
MODERATING EFFECT TECHNOLOGY LITERACY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REMOTE WORK AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY DISTANCE LEARNING
The rapid adoption of remote work in distance learning institutions has created a critical challenge: ensuring that employees possess the necessary digital skills to perform effectively outside the traditional office environment. This study investigates the moderating role of technology literacy on the relationship between remote work and employee performance in these settings. Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model, the study examines how employees' proficiency in technology influences the impact of remote work on performance outcomes. Data were collected from academic and non-academic staff at an open university in Abuja and Kaduna, Nigeria, using a questionnaire survey. The results indicate that remote work positively influences employee performance, and this relationship is strengthened by employees' technological literacy. Furthermore, technology literacy significantly moderates this relationship, highlighting the importance of digital skills in optimizing performance. The study recommends that distance learning organizations prioritize investment in technology training and development programs, providing access to resources such as online tutorials, workshops, and technical support to build employees' skills and confidence. These findings offer practical implications for organizations and educational institutions aiming to enhance digital competencies and ensure employees are equipped to thrive in remote work environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 FUDMA Journal of Business Management
MODERATING EFFECT OF MARKETING SKILLS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ABILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF RURAL WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN NIGERIA
This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial ability, marketing skills, and the performance of women entrepreneurs in rural Nigeria, focusing on the context of Zaria, Kaduna State. The research adopts a survey-based approach, targeting women entrepreneurs affiliated with the Farmers' Cooperative Society Zaria, closely linked with the National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services program at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The total population of 323 women entrepreneurs is surveyed using census sampling techniques, with a response rate of 76%. The study utilizes Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data collected through questionnaires. The results reveal significant positive relationships between entrepreneurial ability and performance, as well as between marketing skills and performance among women entrepreneurs in Zaria. Additionally, marketing skills are found to moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial ability and performance, indicating that the impact of entrepreneurial ability on performance is strengthened when women entrepreneurs possess higher levels of marketing skills. These findings highlight the importance of both entrepreneurial ability and marketing skills in driving business success and economic empowerment among women entrepreneurs in rural Nigeria. Furthermore, the practical implications of the study underscore the importance of entrepreneurship education, access to resources, collaboration, and policy support in fostering an enabling environment for women entrepreneurs in rural Nigeria. Ultimately, the findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and entrepreneurship support organizations seeking to promote women's economic empowerment and sustainable development in rural communities.
FINANCIAL RISK AND PROFITABILITY OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
This study examines the impact of financial risk on the profitability of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study used three banks as sample computed using Cochran sample size formula which scientifically suggested 2.6banks which was round up to three banks, hence the choice of the three banks, and the three year was used because the banks were among the old generation banks who have undergone risk mitigating strategies in in the early 2000 ,also there are a lot of works between 2000 to 2021further is relatively calm economically as against our cut off date which faces harsh economic policy changes, and within our cutoff date there are dearth of studies, hence the choice of 2022-2024 period. Secondary data used were collected from banks financial statements. The data was analyzed using panel regression technique. The study found that there exist a positive and significant relation between financial risk and the profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It is recommended that the deposit money banks in Nigeria should embark on efficient and effective risk management so as to enhance their profitability and thereby reduce the risk of losses. Deposit Money Banks also should evolve the enterprise risk management to mitigate and plan for DMBs risks by safeguarding, firm’s resources and functions. The study further recommends that proper attention and management should be given to financial risk to increase profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION ON EMPLOYEES’ TURNOVER INTENTION AMONG PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
The problem of persistent employee turnover in Nigerian higher institutions has raised concerns about workforce stability, making it crucial to understand the role of emotional exhaustion in predicting turnover intention. This study examined the impact of emotional exhaustion on employees’ turnover intention among public universities in Katsina State, Nigeria, drawing on Maslach’s Burnout Theory and the Social Exchange Theory (SET) as guiding frameworks. The target population comprised 6,266 employees across selected public universities, out of which a sample size of 384 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s sampling table. A purposive sampling technique was adopted to ensure the inclusion of both academic and non-academic staff. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results revealed a strong and significant positive effect of emotional exhaustion on employees’ turnover intention (β = 0.679, T = 24.642, p = 0.000). This indicates that employees who experience higher levels of emotional exhaustion are more likely to consider leaving their institutions. The findings validate Maslach’s assertion that emotional exhaustion is the core component of burnout, while also supporting SET’s principle that unfavorable employee–employer exchanges foster withdrawal behavior. The study concludes that emotional exhaustion is a critical predictor of turnover intention among employees in public universities. It recommends workload management, supportive leadership, recognition and reward systems, and the adoption of wellness programs to mitigate emotional exhaustion and reduce turnover. Theoretically, the study extends burnout and social exchange theories in the Nigerian higher education context, while practically it underscores the need for policies that prioritize employee well-being and retention.
EFFECT OF SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT PRACTICES ON SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES (SMMES) IN NIGERIA.
Sustainable performance has emerged as a critical determinant for business success in today's globalized economy. This study examines the effects of sustainable procurement practices on sustainable performance of Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises (SMMEs) in Nigeria focusing on the integration of economic, social and environmental dimension of sustainability. The Objectives of this study is to identify the sustainable procurement practices of manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria, to assess the key performance indicators for measuring sustainable performance of manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria and to estimate the effect of sustainable procurement practices of manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria on their sustainable performance. Using a quantitative research design, the population of the study consists of 20,736 of Manufacturing SMEs operating in Nigeria with a sample frame of three hundred and seventy-two (372) manufacturing SMEs operating in Kano State. The sample size is one hundred and ninety-one (191) manufacturing SMEs and simple random method was the sampling technique for the study. Data were collected from 268 manufacturing SMEs through structured administered questionnaires with a response rate of 210 valid questionnaires. The techniques of data analysis were Partial Least Squares (PLS) path modelling was employed with the aid of SmartPLS 3.0 software to test the hypotheses. The findings reveal that sustainable procurement practices significantly influence sustainable performance, with Sustainable IT Infrastructure exerting the strongest effect, followed by Top Management Support and Supplier Collaboration. The study's R² value of 0.443 indicates that 44.3% of the variance in sustainable performance can be explained by these predictors. The study contributes to the literature on sustainable procurement and performance, particularly within the context of SMEs in developing economies. The study concludes with practical recommendations for managers and policymakers, emphasizing the need for capacity building, policy support, and strategic investments in sustainable practices.
CREDIT RECOVERY AS A PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE BANK PERFORMANCE
The paper assessed credit recovery as a panacea for sustainable bank performance, using the Bank of Agriculture, Kaduna, as the basis for investigation. The theoretical basis for the study was obtained through review of related literature. A survey design method was employed in this study and data for the study were generated from primary source using questionnaire as the instrument. Data were presented in tables and Likert’s 5 points rating scale and analyzed quantitatively using the arithmetic mean. For the purpose of this analysis, 4 research questions were formulated to generate answers. After analyzing the data from various sources, the result of the study showed that good credit management strategy has a positive impact on the profitability of the bank, increases the level of patronage by the bank’s customers thereby contributing to increase in its profit margin. The study therefore came to conclusion that good credit recovery measures have a significant effect on sustainable organizational performance. Based on the findings of this study, it was strongly recommended that the risk covered under the scheme should be purely farmers loss due to natural calamities and other accidents such as bush fire BOA should insist that a farmer seeking large loan on long term basis should insure his farm under the scheme.
INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIAN PUBLIC SECTOR
This study examines the influence of Human Resource (HR) practices on employee engagement and organizational performance within the Nigerian public sector. It specifically focuses on the effects of training and development and performance appraisal on employee engagement, and how engagement mediates the relationship between these HR practices and organizational performance. A survey research method was used, with primary data collected from 678 employees working in various public sector organizations in Abuja, Nigeria. The study applied Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the hypothesized relationships. The findings revealed that both training and development and performance appraisal had a positive impact on employee engagement, with training and development exhibiting the most significant effect. Additionally, employee engagement was found to play a crucial mediating role in connecting HR practices with organizational performance. These results suggest that HR practices focused on employee development and consistent performance feedback are essential for fostering engagement, which ultimately enhances organizational performance. Based on these insights, the study recommends that HR strategies in the Nigerian public sector should prioritize improving training programs and refining performance appraisal systems to better meet employee needs. Future studies should consider the influence of leadership styles and organizational culture in further enhancing the effectiveness of these HR practices.
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF REPRESENTATIVE PARTICIPATION AND EMPLOYEES’ COMMITMENT OF NON-ACADEMIC STAFF IN EKITI STATE UNIVERSITIES
The study examined the impact of representative involvement on non-academic staff members' commitment in Ekiti State Universities. The specific goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between organisational commitment and representative involvement among non-academic staff at Ekiti State Universities. 4,488 non-academic employees from four Ekiti State universities were analysed. These universities include Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science, and Technology in Ikere Ekiti, Federal University in Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State University in Ado Ekiti, and Afe Babalola University in Ado Ekiti. 4,488 non-academic staff members from each of the four universities in Ekiti State make up the study population; 367 respondents were selected using the Taro model. The aggregated test results showed a high correlation between employee commitment and representative involvement. The results indicated that representative involvement may account for more than 54% of employee engagement at the chosen colleges. The study found that representative engagement at the selected Ekiti State universities significantly increases staff commitment.
THE MEDIATING EFFECTS OF SELF-EFFICACY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE. A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH
Manufacturing firms in Nigeria now rely heavily on both local and expatriates, however the local workforce find it challenging to manage the diverse industrial setting due to individualized connections and unofficial networks above formal corporate structures, which causes conflict and lowers productivity. The purpose of this study is to review extant literature and establish the relationship between cultural intelligence, self-efficacy, and employee performance as possible mechanisms that can help enhance employee performance. Drawing from social learning theory (SLT), the study established that self-efficacy can mediate the relationship between cultural intelligence and employee performance. The originality of this study lies in complementing SLT which suggest that expectations concerning one’s ability to perform a particular behavior, i.e., cultural intelligence, and how it encompasses the expected outcomes of the particular behavior i.e employee performance.
ACCOUNTING INFRASTRUCTURE AND PUBLIC SECTOR EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT
This paper critically examines the role of accounting infrastructure in enhancing accountability within public sector expenditure management in Nigeria. It explores how institutional frameworks, regulatory standards, digital technologies, and human capacity influence the transparency and efficiency of financial operations. Drawing on empirical literature and policy reports, the study highlights persistent challenges such as weak enforcement, fragmented reporting systems, and resistance to reform despite initiatives like the Treasury Single Account (TSA), Integrated Personnel and Payroll Information System (IPPIS), and the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). The paper adopts a conceptual approach to analyse the intersection between accounting infrastructure and accountability outcomes. It recommends a multidimensional transformation strategy encompassing regulatory reforms, capacity building, ethical reorientation, and digital innovation to improve audit quality, reduce fiscal leakages, and restore public trust in Nigeria’s public financial management.
MODERATING ROLE OF ACCESS TO FINANCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, INNOVATION CAPABILITY AND SMES PERFORMANCE: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The Nigerian SMEs have experienced high levels of poor performance which motivated the researcher to conduct the current study. For this reason, the current study examine the moderating role of access to finance on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, innovation capability and SMEs performance in Kaduna State. Simple random sampling technique will be used to select 439 SMEs from the population of 2,826 operating in Kaduna State. The data collected will be analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Partial Lease Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the aid of SmartPLS 3.0.
EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATIVENESS IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING STRATEGY ADOPTION AND SMES PERFORMANCE IN KATSINA METROPOLIS.
Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises is a major driver and indices for the level of industrialization of a nation. Despite all the efforts advanced in improving SMEs sector in Nigeria, SMEs have not been able to harness the abundant and huge market potentials in the country. However, formulating workable marketing strategies that ensures sustainable business growth is expected to mitigate such challenges. This study examined the effect of organizational innovativeness in the relationship between social media marketing strategy adoption and SME performance in Katsina Metropolis. Using a sample of 293 SME respondents, the study used survey questionnaire to obtain the data. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analysed the data. The findings reveal that Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Benefit, and Organizational Readiness significantly and positively affect SME performance, while Organizational Innovativeness did not moderate these relationships, suggesting that while innovation is valuable, it may not always enhance the impact of social media marketing on performance. The study recommended that SMEs should ensure full utilization of user-friendly marketing tools, resource readiness, and strategic innovation alignment in the face of their routine operations. Similarly, future research should explore additional moderating factors, such as market conditions and competition intensity, to better understand SMEs’ marketing strategy effectiveness for performance enhancement.
MODERATING EFFECT OF PROACTIVE PERSONALITY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DOMINATING CONFLICT -HANDLING STYLES AND EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES OF NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA.
Conflict is a recurring aspect of organizational life, with significant implications for employee performance. This study investigates the effect of the dominating conflict-handling style on employee performance and examines the moderating role of proactive personality, focusing on public universities in North-Western Nigeria. Grounded in Dual Concern Theory, the study posits that individual proactivity influences the effectiveness of conflict strategies in shaping performance outcomes. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional design, data were collected from academic and non-academic staff across selected federal and state universities via standardized questionnaires. Analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) showed that the dominating style significantly influences performance, while proactive personality (PP) emerged as the strongest direct predictor. Importantly, PP significantly moderated the DOM–performance link, suggesting that proactive individuals manage conflict more constructively. The study recommends conflict management training tailored to personality traits, promotion of proactive behaviors in recruitment and development, and a move away from one-size-fits-all conflict resolution. Theoretically, it integrates personality into conflict–performance models; practically, it underscores the importance of context-sensitive, personality-aware conflict management in educational settings.
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION ATTRIBUTES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN KATSINA METROPOLIS
This study explores the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) attributes on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria. Anchored in the Resource-Based View (RBV) and supported by empirical literature, the research investigates five core EO dimensions: innovativeness, pro-activeness, risk-taking, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness. A mixed-methods research design was adopted to gain both statistical and contextual insights. Quantitative data were gathered through structured questionnaires administered to SME owners and managers. The analysis reveals a statistically significant and positive relationship between EO attributes and various performance indicators, including revenue growth, market share, and operational efficiency. Innovativeness and pro-activeness emerged as the most influential predictors of firm performance. The findings underscore the strategic value of entrepreneurial behavior in enhancing the resilience and competitiveness of SMEs in dynamic market environments. Based on these insights, the study provides targeted policy recommendations aimed at strengthening EO capacities among SMEs through training, access to finance, and institutional support mechanisms. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on entrepreneurial strategy in emerging economies and offers practical implications for both business development practitioners and policymakers.
EFFECT OF FLEXIBLE WORK ENVIRONMENT AND WORK LIFE BALANCE ON EMPLOYEE JOB PERFORMANCE: MODERATING ROLE OF SELF-REGULATORY EFFICACY
Employees are vital to achieving organizational goals, yet in Nigeria, the manufacturing sector, despite its potential as a key driver of economic growth contributes relatively little to GDP and underperforms compared to expectations. One major reason for this shortfall is the poor performance of employees. This study examined the moderating role of self-regulatory efficacy in the relationship between a flexible work environment, work–life balance, and employee performance in manufacturing firms. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 422 respondents and analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) via the partial least squares (PLS) method using SmartPLS 4. Results revealed that both a flexible work environment and work–life balance have significant positive effects on employee performance. Additionally, self-regulatory efficacy significantly strengthened the relationship between a flexible work environment and employee performance. However, it showed no significant moderating effect between work–life balance and performance. Based on these findings, the study recommends that manufacturing firms in Kano State invest in targeted capacity-building initiatives to enhance employees’ self-regulatory skills. It also suggests institutionalizing and actively promoting flexible work arrangements, such as telecommuting, flexible scheduling, and compressed workweeks, to create a more adaptable and productive workforce. These strategies could help unlock the sector’s potential, improve productivity, and strengthen its contribution to Nigeria’s economic development.
work life balance and employee performance
This study examines the impact of financial risk on the profitability of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study used three banks as sample computed using Cochran sample size formula which scientifically suggested 2.6banks which was round up to three banks, hence the choice of the three banks, and the three year was used because the banks were among the old generation banks who have undergone risk mitigating strategies in in the early 2000 ,also there are a lot of works between 2000 to 2021further is relatively calm economically as against our cut off date which faces harsh economic policy changes, and within our cutoff date there are dearth of studies, hence the choice of 2022-2024 period. Secondary data used were collected from banks financial statements. The data was analyzed using panel regression technique. The study found that there exist a positive and significant relation between financial risk and the profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It is recommended that the deposit money banks in Nigeria should embark on efficient and effective risk management so as to enhance their profitability and thereby reduce the risk of losses. Deposit Money Banks also should evolve the enterprise risk management to mitigate and plan for DMBs risks by safeguarding, firm’s resources and functions. The study further recommends that proper attention and management should be given to financial risk to increase profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria.
INSECURITY, WORKLOAD AND EMPLOYEE TURNOVER INTENTIONS IN GOVERNMENT OWNED HOSPITALS IN NIGERIA: MODERATING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL DISTRUST
The rate at which medical practitioners in Nigeria are abandoning their jobs is worrying, having a negative impact on the economy and citizens in a country with over 200 million people. This study investigates the effect of human insecurity and workload on the turnover intentions of employees in Nigerian government-owned hospitals, as well as how distrust in institutional policies might accentuate the relationship. The study uses survey and cross-sectional research designs. The population of nurses and medical doctors at government-owned hospitals in Nigeria is unknown. Consequently, the study used Cochran's estimate of sample size for an infinite/unknown population to calculate a sample size of 384. To account for non-response and incorrect questionnaire completion, 20% was added to the initial sample size of 384, resulting in 461 copies given to respondents. Respondents completed an online Google questionnaire as part of the study. The 407 valid data samples were subjected to preliminary analysis, including identifying missing values, outliers, normality, multicollinearity, and common method bias. The data was confirmed clean and suitable for further examination. The Structural Equation Model, namely smart-PLS, were used to assess the measurement and structural models. The study found that while human insecurity did not significantly predict employee turnover intentions, workload had a favourable and substantial impact on employee turnover intentions. Furthermore, distrust in institutional policies exacerbates the association between human insecurity, workload, and employee turnover intentions in Nigeria's government-owned hospitals. The findings advocated for significant government engagement in battling the pandemic of workload to ensure the psychological safety of these employees.